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Current

Characterization of the alternative cardiolipin biosynthetic pathway in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2029
Evidence number:	2/0012/26
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Balážová Mária, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bábelová Lenka, PhD., Mgr. Fábryová Ivana, Tomášek Matej, MSc., Mgr. Zriniová Ingrid
Annotation:	Mitochondria are dynamic organelles essential for ATP synthesis and cellular homeostasis, with their functions depending on a specific phospholipid composition. This project focuses on studying the alternative biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cardiolipin (CL), which may support adaptive mitochondrial responses in cases of defects in the main biosynthetic pathway. The goal is to identify the mechanisms of PG and N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) synthesis and their derivatives, as well as to investigate their impact on mitochondrial membrane stabilization, respiratory activity, and oxidative stress in mutant strains with defects in CL and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis. The project’s findings will contribute to a better understanding of mitochondrial damage mechanisms and enhance our knowledge of mitochondrial lipid pathway regulation, which is crucial for preventing diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.

Neurophysiological and molecular characterization of HHC: From ion channels to intracellular signaling
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2029
Evidence number:	2/0156/26
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu, DrSc, Ing. Dubiel Lucia, PhD., RNDr. Kšiňanová Martina, PhD., prof. RNDr. Lacinová Ľubica, DrSc., Mgr. Ševčíková Tomášková Zuzana, PhD., Mgr. Tomko Matúš, PhD.
Annotation:	Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC), a hydrogenated analogue of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, belongs to newly emerging psychoactive cannabinoid acting on cannabinoid receptors type 1 and 2 in the central nervous system, with limited pharmacological characterization. Due to its rising popularity, understanding of cellular and subcellular mechanism underlying its behavioral effects is needed. The goal of this project is systematically investigate the cellular and molecular effects of HHC, focusing on primary hippocampal neurons, regions critical for cognition, learning and memory integration, processes affected by HHC.By combining electrophysiology, molecular analyses, calcium imaging and neuronal bioenergetics, this project will focus on ion channel modulation, cannabinoid receptor involvement, and neurophysiological consequences of HHC intake. The results of this study will provide essential baseline data for understanding HHC’s pharmacological profile and its potential therapeutic or adverse effects on hippocampal function.

Lipid droplets and their role in antifungal weakening
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2029
Evidence number:	2/0129/26
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Pevalová Zuzana, PhD.
Annotation:	Most clinically used antifungals act by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis, a pathway essential for maintainingfungal membrane integrity. This disruption leads to ergosterol depletion and accumulation of intermediates, whichare often toxic and compromise cell viability. The proposed project aims to explore the esterification andcompartmentalization of these intermediates as a potential self-protective strategy. Specifically, we willinvestigate how sterol intermediates are recognized and redirected from membranes to lipid droplets (LDs),where they are stored in an inert, esterified form. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we will study the molecularbasis of sterol discrimination and identify pathways involved in this detoxification process. Additionally, we willassess how impairing LD formation or sterol esterification influences fungal sensitivity to antifungals. Thisapproach may uncover novel targets and provide strategies to enhance the efficacy of existing antifungaltherapies.

ARISER - Consequences of combined therapy of maternal depression – experimental study in rat offspring
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0391
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	prof. RNDr. Lacinová Ľubica, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu, DrSc, MUDr. Grinchii Daniil, PhD., RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD., Mgr. Račický Matej, Mgr. Tomko Matúš, PhD.
Annotation:	The lifetime risk of depression is higher in women than in men, and is particularly high during women\'s reproductive years. Untreated maternal depression not only threatens the health and life of the mother, but also increases the risk of impaired functional brain development in the fetus and newborn, which can lead to behavioral, psychosocial, and cognitive disorders later in life. Treatment of maternal depression includes psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. While psychotherapy may be sufficient for mild to moderate depression, it often it often fails in moderate to severe depression. Antidepressants with well-studied reproductive safety profile, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are commonly considered as a first-line treatment. However, more than 5% of women with peripartum depression do not respond to standard drug treatment. In this case, it is necessary to use a different antidepressant, a combination of antidepressants, or add antipsychotic drugs. The necessity of pharmacotherapy in this case raises questions about the safety of using the combination of drugs and taking into account their possible risks for fetal and neonatal development, with an emphasis on functional brain development and neurobehavioral adaptations in the later period. According to available clinical knowledge, the combination of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline (SER) and the second-generation antipsychotic aripiprazole (ARI) represents the optimal choice for the treatment of maternal/psychotic depression. Our main objective is therefore to evaluate the safety of ARI and ARI+SER administration during pregnancy in an animal model of maternal depression with a focus on offspring development. To achieve this, we will study the effects of prenatal exposure to these drugs on functional brain development and neurobehavioral consequences in rat offspring.

GutFeeling - Interaction between brain monoamines and gut hormones: role in mood and cognition
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0131
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu, DrSc
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Cagala Martin, Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana, PhD., MUDr. Grinchii Daniil, PhD., prof. PharmDr. Ježová Daniela, DrSc., Mgr. Komínková Viera, PhD., MUDr. Paliokha Ruslan, PhD., Mgr. Račický Matej

KoDyMAdar - Conformational Dynamics of Alu RNA. Éminences grise behind ADAR-Mediated Alu A-to-I Editing?
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0054
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Královičová Jana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Borovská Ivana, PhD., Mgr. Hučko Milan, Mgr. Kľučár Ľuboš, PhD., Ing. Pelegrinová Lívia, Mgr. Vondrášková Katarína

CARS - Crossroads of Adaptation and Resistance: Exploring Endoplamic Reticulum Stress Responses in Cancer and Microbial Systems"
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0167
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Ing. Sulová Zdena, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bertová Anna, PhD., RNDr. Boháčová Viera, CSc., Mgr. Cagala Martin, PhD., RNDr. Imrichová Denisa, PhD., Ing. Kavcová Helena, Ing. Kontár Szilvia, PhD., RNDr. Kšiňanová Martina, PhD., Mgr. Pavlíková Lucia, PhD., Mgr. Šereš Mário, PhD., Ing. Šimoničová Kristína, PhD., Yoldi Vergara Alberto , MSc.
Annotation:	Given the escalating global threat of drug resistance, as emphasized by the WHO, our research addresses the critical need for innovative therapeutic strategies. We postulate that an efficient unfolded protein response (UPR) enables cells to balance pro-survival and pro-death signals, thereby facilitating adaptation to cytotoxic stress. Specifically, the activation of the UPR allows eukaryotic cells to counteract stress induced by toxic agents, promoting survival and adaptation that may reduce drug sensitivity. Furthermore, we propose that targeting pivotal components of the UPR through pharmacological inhibitors (in fungal and neoplastically transformed cells), RNA interference, or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene deletion (in neoplastically transformed cells) can intensify cytotoxic stress, thereby promoting cell death and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. In addition, we plan to evaluate the biological activity of swainsonine and its newly synthesized derivatives, glycosylation inhibitors, both as monotherapies and in combination with conventional antifungal and anticancer agents. The safety profile of these compounds will be assessed using an in vivo Galleria mellonella model in conjunction with studies on non-cancerous mammalian cell lines. By addressing fundamental questions regarding the role of the UPR in drug resistance and adaptation, this study seeks to bridge significant gaps in our understanding of fungal and cancer biology. Our findings could pave the way for novel treatment strategies that not only enhance drug efficacy but also overcome resistance, thereby contributing to the development of precision medicine approaches for both infectious and oncological diseases.

APTAmiR - Revolutionizing Cancer Diagnostics: Utilizing Aptamer-Based miRNA Sensors for Fast and Direct Detection
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0491
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Bábelová Andrea, PhD., Ing. Domšicová Michaela, PhD., Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta, PhD., Mgr. Jakič Kristína, PhD., Mgr. Jurkovičová Tarabová Bohumila, PhD., Mgr. Korčeková Jana, PhD., Mgr. Šelc Michal
Annotation:	The APTAmiR project is centered on the creation and validation of aptamer-based biosensors designed to detect microRNA and exosome in blood samples, with the objective of enhancing early cancer diagnosis. The biosensors will be developed using specific oligonucleotide aptamers, which offer key benefits such as high selectivity, strong binding affinity, and stability. The project will follow a structured approach, including the design and selection of aptamers, the optimization of biosensor functionality, and the testing of the biosensors with patient-derived samples. The fabrication of the sensors will involve the immobilization of the aptamers on either solid gold surfaces or gold nanoparticles that have been modified. The effectiveness of the biosensors will be measured in terms of sensitivity, specificity, selectivity, and reproducibility. The detection limits and linear ranges of the biosensors will be benchmarked against conventional diagnostic techniques. The successful implementation of these biosensors has the potential to advance early disease detection, support clinical diagnostics, and improve therapeutic decision making.

DeRNAdel - Development of the polymeric carriers for mRNA delivery to different cells and through blood-tissue barriers
Duration:	1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:	APVV-24-0616
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Antalíková Jana, PhD., MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu, DrSc, MUDr. Grinchii Daniil, PhD., Guha Pritam , PhD., Ing. Jankovičová Jana, PhD., Mgr. Komínková Viera, PhD., RNDr. Kovaříková Veronika, PhD., Mgr. Kronek Juraj, PhD., Mgr. Kroneková Zuzana, PhD., Mgr. Marková Adriana, Ing. Minarčíková Alžbeta, Mgr. Niederová-Kubíková Ľubica, PhD., MUDr. Paliokha Ruslan, PhD., PhDr. Pisko Jozef, PhD., Mgr. Račický Matej, Ing. Sečová Petra, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	Sensible Biotechnologies s.r.o.
Annotation:	The mRNA technology is rapidly emerging in recent years due to its great potential in highly targeted approach to treatment. The recent advances in understanding the mRNA as therapeutic molecule, in easier and faster mRNA design and manufacturing, in product versatility, and in delivery systems, makes it promising technology for tackling a wide range of health issues. Despite the immense potential of mRNA technology, the success of mRNA vaccines during the Covid-19 pandemics, there are several challenges that needs to be addressed, among them the effective, safe and targeted mRNA delivery. The most common delivery vehicles today are viral vectors and lipid nanoparticles. The shortcomings of today’s used delivery systems for the clinical applications are becoming more and more pressing, thus, the need for further innovation in this area is growing. This project aims to develop a series of polymeric carriers for mRNA delivery based on poly(2-alkenyl-2-oxazolines), designed to be noncytotoxic, stable, and tissue-specific. The research will explore their potential to efficiently path through various blood-tissue barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier, blood-placenta barrier, and blood-testicles barrier, while evaluating biosafety and efficacy. They will be easily modified with antibodies or other targeting molecules to ensure the delivery into specific tissues. The project integrates interdisciplinary knowledge from organic and polymer synthesis, molecular and cell biology, neuroscience and biomedicine, with a collaborative team of experts across these fields. This comprehensive approach aims to improve mRNA delivery technologies, with a focus on therapeutic applications like treatment of depression via brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) delivery.

Biotechnological potential of oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula toruloides in the production of value-added fatty acids
Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	2/0119/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Holič Roman, PhD.

LIPAKTIV - Targeting lipids to modulate the metabolic activity of adipose tissue
Duration:	1. 3. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	VV-MVP-24-0335
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Valachovič Martin, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Balážová Mária, PhD.
Annotation:	Obesity is a global health issue characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which leads to development ofnumerous chronic health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver and cardiovascular disease. With morethan one-third of adults in developed countries classified as obese, there is an urgent need to develop newstrategies to enhance the metabolic activity of adipose tissue, which becomes the largest organ in human body.Metabolically active brown and beige adipocytes act as a sink for calories thereby protecting muscle and liver fromectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity. The proposed research project aims to identify novel mechanisms drivingadipocyte metabolic activity through extensive lipidomic and transcriptomic analyses of human and mouse brownand white adipose tissue biopsies, bioinformatic integration of obtained datasets leading to identification of cruciallipid molecules and enzymes catalyzing lipid metabolism, followed by functional screening and investigation ofidentified candidate molecules in cultured human adipocytes. Furthermore, we will validate the physiologicalrelevance of candidates promoting adipocyte metabolic activity and test their therapeutic potential to prevent andtreat obesity and associated metabolic disease in mice in vivo. This multidisciplinary proposal integrating molecular and cellular biology, bioinformatics, bioenergetics and metabolic phenotyping will provide novel insights into themechanisms regulating adipocyte metabolic activity. It will generate novel datasets, that will not only serve as avaluable resource for the scientific community, but also significantly contribute to the understanding of adipocytephysiology and serve as a basis for the development of innovative strategies to combat obesity and itscomplications. The ultimate goal is to identify and validate new therapeutic targets that can leverage the capacity ofadipocytes to boost energy expenditure and thereby improve metabolic control.

Possibility of using intestinal in vitro and ex vivo models for studying the transport of manganese, intestinal functionality and epithelial integrity.
Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	2/0036/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	MVDr. Grešáková Ľubomíra, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Takácsová Margaréta, PhD., Ing. Tokarčíková Katarína, PhD.
Annotation:	The use of intestinal in vitro and ex vivo models to simulate the digestive tract conditions is important for transportstudy, studying intestinal functionality and epithelial integrity. However, these models have not been used enoughfor clarifying the trace mineral transport yet. The project purpose is to investigate the transport of Mn, which is anessential as well as toxic trace element, playing a key role in the animal health and nutrition. Using the intestinalmodels, Ussing chambers system and primary intestinal epithelial cell cultures, Mn absorption will be investigatedto clarify its transport mechanisms, and the effect of Mn on the functions and properties of the gut epithelium. Theproject objective is to evaluate the suitability of the used intestinal models for studying the absorption andtransport, intestinal functionality and epithelial integrity, and optimising of cultivation and isolation of primaryintestinal epithelial cells, their characterization and cultivation as 2D and 3D cultures.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	1/0075/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Ing. Sulová Zdena, DrSc.

Postbiotics and their use for animal health
Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	VEGA 2/0009/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	MVDr. Pogány Simonová Monika, PhD
SAS cosolvers:	MVDr. Bino Eva, PhD., MVDr. Lauková Andrea, CSc., RNDr. Ščerbová Jana, PhD., MVDr. Zábolyová Natália
Annotation:	Methicillin-resistant (MetR) and vancomycin-resistant (VanR) staphylococci and enterococci occur in healthy farm animals and they can pose a risk to human health due to contamination of animal products. In addition, the migration of resistant microbiota into the environment causes an ecological burden and wildlife serves as a reservoir of resistant bacteria that are difficult to eliminate. The use of postbiotics – enterocins (antimicrobial proteinaceous substances produced by some strains of the genus Enterococcus) could be a promising way to eliminate MetR and VanR bacteria. Therefore, the present basic research project will focus on testing the inhibitory and antibiofilm activity of enterocins (characterized at our workplace) against a target of undesirable microbiota with an impact on MetR/VanR and biofilm-forming staphylococci and enterococci of animal origin. The results with enterocins achieved under in vitro condition against selected MetR/VanR strains will be verified using in vivo model experiments.

Progressive and new eco-friendly combating strategies against animal bacterial biofilm.
Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	2/0040/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Alexiová Zuzana, Mgr. Bombárová Alexandra, RNDr. Čobanová Klaudia, PhD., MVDr. Galambošiová Tímea, MVDr. Karahutová Lívia, PhD.
Annotation:	The main objective of the proposed project will be to obtain a new knowledge about the in vitro effect of variouseco-friendly game-changers leading to the modulation of bacterial biofilms in model species of food animalbacteria i.e. Gamma Proteobacteria (Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas) and Staphylococcus. Research willbe focused on the molecular analysis of biofilm-associated bacteria (virulence and resistance-related genes).Selected substances will be applied to animal with aim to investigate their effect on intestinal microbiotacomposition and bacterial enzymatic activities.Anti-biofilm properties of selected non-antibiotic biological and chemical substances can help veterinarians in thefuture manage treatment of recurrent biofilm-associated infection and moreover progress in alternative strategiesmay help to combat (overcome) antibiotic resistance which is consistent with "Farm to Fork" European Unionstrategy plans to make the European food system fair, healthy, and more sustainable.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	2/0099/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Kopčáková Anna, PhD.

Effect of low-frequency ultrasound in the treatment of wounds tested on a CAM model of Japanese quail
Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	VEGA 2/0081/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Máčajová Mariana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bilčík Boris, PhD., MUDr. Čavarga Ivan, PhD., Mgr. Meta Majlinda, PhD.
Annotation:	The treatment of infected wounds is one of the challenges in veterinary medicine. At the time of increasing antimicrobial resistance, other therapies are needed. Our project aims to develop in vivo model for research and treatment of infections. We will apply sonodynamic therapy using low-frequency ultrasound on a Japanese quail chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Sonodynamic therapy is a therapeutic method that combines ultrasound and chemicals called sonosensitizers. Similar to photodynamic therapy (PDT), which uses light to activate photosensitizers, sonodynamic therapy uses for activation ultrasound. In the context of combination therapy, we also want to analyze other processes induced by low-frequency ultrasound, such as sonophoresis and hyperthermia. After therapy, we will monitor angiogenic changes in CAM tissue, expression of selected genes, as well as histological and immunohistochemical changes. The results obtained have potential applications in the treatment of wounds or superficial infections.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:	2/0007/25
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Ing. Petrič Daniel, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Batťányi Dominika, PhD., Mgr. Bombárová Alexandra, RNDr. Čobanová Klaudia, PhD., RNDr. Kišidayová Svetlana, CSc., MVDr. Leško Matej, MVDr. Váradyová Zora, PhD

IKPOSA - An innovative and comprehensive view of obstructive sleep apnea
Duration:	1. 9. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:	APVV-23-0028
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	prof. Ing. Breier Albert, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bertová Anna, PhD., Ing. Husieva Valeriia

KryoEmbryo - Cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro from cryopreserved oocytes
Duration:	1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:	APVV-23-0203
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	RNDr. Antalíková Jana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Horovská Ľubica, Ing. Jankovičová Jana, PhD., Ing. Michalková Katarína, PhD., Ing. Sečová Petra, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	RNDr. Elena Kubovičová, CSc., Ing. Lucia Olexíková, PhD., Ing. Linda Dujíčková, PhD.
Annotation:	An effective biotechnological method for increasing the utilization of the reproductive potential of cattle is the production of high-quality embryos in vitro. Cryopreservation of oocytes and embryos combined with in vitro fertilization (IVF) is an important tool for preserving genetic resources. In vitro production (IVP) of embryos from frozen oocytes can, in addition, significantly contribute to the expansion and preservation of the gene pool of endangered species or breeds of animals whose numbers are significantly decreasing. A problem with cryopreservation of IVP embryos is their poor resistance to freezing compared to in vivo embryos, which reduces the number of pregnancies in cows after embryo transfer. There are many indications that increasing the cryotolerance of pre-implantation embryos can be achieved by enriching culture media and vitrification solutions by adding some substances such as antioxidants, growth factors, cytoskeleton stabilizers and other additives that help to improve antioxidant protection, stabilize the cytoskeleton, affect lipid utilization and accumulation or other processes in cells. The presented project will be based on the results of our previous project, where we developed a system for successful cryopreservation of oocytes with a high post-warming survivability and maintenance of high developmental competence, thus, providing us with a rich source of cryopreserved bovine oocytes for further experiments. The project will be focused on increasing cryotolerance (resistance to cryopreservation) of embryos produced from vitrified oocytes by ensuring optimal culture conditions. New possibilities for the evaluation of cryotolerance of embryos will be defined based on the latest methods and techniques used in this area. The obtained results from the implementation of the project will be useful for the bank of animal genetic resources of male and female gametes and embryos.

MOMIKO - Microbiome modulators for maintaining dermal health in animals
Duration:	1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:	APVV-23-0005
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	MVDr. Strompfová Viola, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava, PhD., MVDr. Karahutová Lívia, PhD., MVDr. Štempelová Lucia, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	UVLF - Wolaschka Tomáš, Farbáková Jana
Annotation:	The skin - the largest organ of the body - harbors a wide variety of microbes that, together with their genetic information and host interactions, form the skin microbiome. Many of these microorganisms are harmless and in some cases even provide vital functions such as protection against invasion by the pathogenic organisms, modulation of the function of the skin\'s immune system, as well as acceleration of healing and reduction of inflammation in case of injury. Dysbiosis refers to the lack of balance among microbial communities within certain areas of the body that may lead to the onset or progression of diseases and is the focus of current scientific research. The goal is to find innovative methods to maintain the skin\'s microbial homeostasis and to avoid the use of antimicrobial treatment, which except the eradication of pathogens causing skin disease, also reduces beneficial part of the microbiome. Therefore, the intention of the project is to find an effective alternative means to strictly antibacterial agents in the form of an antibiotic-sensitive, safe and effective bacterium selected from the commensal skin microbiota of healthy animals, which can be applied to skin lesions to promote healing during dermatological diseases complicated by infection. Such an approach to therapy prevents further spread of resistance to antibiotics and thus the ineffectiveness of drugs due to resistance and helps to eliminate the use of non-ecological drugs.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0045/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	MUDr. Grinchii Daniil, PhD.

Biosensing the Silent Killers: Electrochemical and QCM Aptamer-Based Strategies for Rapid, Simple, and Early miRNA Detection in Cancer Diagnosis
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	1/0157/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Domšicová Michaela, PhD., Mgr. Korčeková Jana, PhD.
Annotation:	The aim of the project is to develop and validate a biosensor for microRNA detection for early diagnosis ofhaemato-oncological diseases. MiRNAs are known for their unique expression profiles and are consideredpromising biomarkers for early detection of several types of cancer. The proposed biosensors will be based onspecific oligonucleotide aptamers which provide advantages: high selectivity, affinity, stability. The project willinvolve several phases including design and selection of aptamers, optimisation of biosensors and evaluation oftheir performance in patient samples. The biosensors will be fabricated by immobilizing the aptamers on solid Ausurfaces or modified Au nanoparticle surfaces. Performance will be evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity,selectivity and reproducibility with limits of detection and linear ranges compared to conventional methods. Thesuccessful development of aptasensors could revolutionise cancer diagnostics by enabling early and effectivetherapeutic interventions.

EpCAM Aptasensor: A Novel Platform for Non-Invasive Cancer Cell Detection
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	APD0217
Program:	PostdokGrant
Project leader:	Ing. Domšicová Michaela, PhD.
Annotation:	The proposed project aims to develop a highly sensitive and specific aptamer-based biosensor for the detection of thecancer biomarker EpCAM (Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule) to facilitate early cancer diagnosis. The research willconcentrate on clarifying the molecular interactions between EpCAM and its specific aptamer, optimizing biosensordesign using Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) technology, and validating the platform with clinical leukemiasamples and model systems. The project is structured into three phases: the initial phase involves the selection andcharacterization of suitable cell lines and aptamers. The subsequent phase encompasses biosensor developmentand optimization. The final phase is focused on clinical sample validation. It is anticipated that these outcomes willmake contributions to the advancement of non-invasive cancer diagnostics, provide novel insights into aptamerbiomarkerinteractions, and offer new perspectives for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications targeting cancercells.

Phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor/Ca2+ channel as an effective regulator of inter-channel communication
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0010/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta, PhD., MUDr. Paliokha Ruslan, PhD.
Annotation:	The ryanodine receptor (RyR)/Ca2+ channel is one of critical components implicated in muscle and neuronalCa2+ signaling. In vivo and in vitro, RyR channels self-organize into larger clusters creating highly favorableconditions for direct inter-channel communication. Molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon, which ismanifested by synchronized (coupled) gating of numerous RyR channels, are not understood at all. The projectaim is to show that in vitro induced phosphorylation of RyR channels substantially affects the appearance andstability of coupled gating in the heart. Furthermore, we are interested in the effect of chronic in vivophosphorylation of RyR channels, which has been evidenced in various pathological conditions of the heart andbrain. We assume that stabilization of coupled gating might result in significant advancements in the treatment ofchannelopathies related to RyR dysfunction; therefore, the important part of the project will be testing the effect ofa new promising drug, Rycal-S107.

Characterization of the equine skin microbiome and its targeted modulation
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0004/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	MVDr. Strompfová Viola, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	MVDr. Baran Vladimír, CSc., MVDr. Štempelová Lucia, PhD.
Annotation:	he skin, the largest and most exposed organ by surface area, represents an ecological niche for an enormous spectrum of microorganisms that contribute to the barrier function of the skin and skin homeostasis. Any changes in the population of commensal microorganisms are associated with physiological changes occuring during various dermatological diseases or aging. Nevertheless, the amount of knowledge on the composition, diversity and functions of the skin microbiota in horses is negligible. Knowing the taxonomic composition of the microbiota under physiological and pathological conditions and its properties, what is the goal of this project, will help with the search for appropriate therapeutic strategies in relatively frequently occurring dermatological diseases in horses, will help to improve welfare by accelerating healing, and will help to reduce the danger of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. The project will study also antimicrobial effect of bioactive substances for reduction of skin infection.

Interspecies yeast hybrids as a tool to study cellular interactions and non-alcoholic beer production.
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	1/0337/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia, PhD.
Annotation:	The origin of new species can be studied experimentally in yeasts, where new species arise in the process of speciation from interspecific hybrids and the crucial role play “out of tune” nucleo-mitochondrial interactions. Our ambition is to use a number of hybrids with different variants of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and to complete the aims from previous VEGA projects, where we managed to build an original methodological background. Hereby, we will focus on finding out the nature of "gain-of-function" mutations that allow the cell to adapt to foreign mtDNA; elucidation of dependence of the mtDNA maintenance on mitochondrial protein-synthesis; elucidation of the nature of the formation of petites in interspecies hybrids, creation of mtDNA without duplications with fundamentally rearranged gene order. We also want to use our experience with interspecies hybrids and construct yeast for the production of non-alcoholic beer.

Novel approaches for effective utilization of phytoadditives in animal nutrition.
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	VEGA 2/0005/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	MVDr. Plachá Iveta, PhD
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bačová Kristína, PhD., prof. MVDr. Faix Štefan, DrSc., RNDr. Kopčáková Anna, PhD., RNDr. Krištofová Radoslava, RNDr. Takácsová Margaréta, PhD.
Annotation:	The concept of „gut health“ has recieved a lot of attention as it has been recognized as one of the key elements in determining animal performance. Even though, plant phenolic compounds are able to improve gut health due to their strong antioxidant potential, further studies are needed to understand how the processes of their biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract can affect their bioavailability in organism. One of the crucial aspects of their beneficial effect are the amount present in the gut as a result of their release from feed, and their consequent ability to pass through the intestinal wall. Before application to animals, more studies are urgently needed to precisely understand the metabolic processes of plant compounds within organisms. The main idea of project proposal are biotransformation processes of stabilised form of thymol, main compound of thyme, in rabbit´s organism which represents an appropriate animal model for evaluation of the bioavailability of nutrients.

RESTORE - Polymeric nanocarriers for neuroregeneration and safe systemic clearance
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	APD0166
Program:	PostdokGrant
Project leader:	RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD.
Annotation:	Project investigates neurotherapeutic application of poly-oxazoline-based nanoparticles, a class of biocompatible andhydrophilic polymers suitable for targeted drug delivery to the organism. The first phase of the project focuses onunderstanding how these particles are eliminated from the organism - particularly whether they accumulate in organsor are fully cleared via renal excretion - following intranasal administration. The second phase is focused on centralnervous system (CNS) regeneration, due to encapsulation of the drug Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) into polymernanoparticle. ChABC is an enzyme that promotes CNS regeneration by degrading inhibitory extracellular matrixcomponents in damaged neural tissue. The dual aim is to ensure biosafety of the applied nanoparticle throughefficient clearance and to achieve functional recovery after traumatic CNS injury via targeted brain therapy. Ourproject will help to open new paths for non - invasive neuroregenerative nanomedicine

Causes and consequences of birdsong variability
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0150/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Niederová-Kubíková Ľubica, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Hoďová Vladimíra, RNDr. Košťál Ľubor, CSc., Mgr. Pavuková Eva, PhD., Mgr. Radič Rebecca
Annotation:	The ability of songbirds to imitate conspecific sounds shares similarities with human speech. Species vary in boththe size of their repertoire and the variability of their songs. The aim of this project is to investigate the causes ofthe variability and its significance. As higher song variability is associated with higher neurogenesis, we proposeto investigate whether the elimination of new neurons leads to reduced variability. We will use anadeno-associated virus to reduce the recruitment of new neurons in vocal regions controlling birdsong andquantify the viral effects on neurogenesis and songs. We will study the significance of song variability innon-singing females that learn and recognize songs from different males. We will determine whether they canrecognize songs differing in variability. The results of this project will show whether the function of neurogenesisin the adult songbirds is to introduce variability into song and whether this variability is of practical importance inmate choice.

Study of processes associated with bull sperm maturation
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0074/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Ing. Jankovičová Jana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Antalíková Jana, PhD., Ing. Horovská Ľubica, Ing. Michalková Katarína, PhD., Ing. Sečová Petra, PhD.
Annotation:	In mammals, fertilization can be characterized as a complex process, a sequence of several highly ordered events. The prerequisite for gamete fusion is their morphological and functional maturity. The project aims to study the molecules involved in the maturation of male gametes, i.e. the processes from sperm development in the process of spermatogenesis in the testis, sperm maturation in the epididymis to ejaculation. The aim of the project is to analyse proteins and lipids in spermatozoa at different stages of maturity, somatic cells of male reproductive organs and extracellular vesicles, and we will study their glycosylation modifications, distribution and dynamics using the bovine as a model organism. With the intention of studying the process of sperm capacitation, we will attempt to develop an optimal method to detect the capacitation status of bovine spermatozoa. The results obtained may contribute to understanding the physiology of mammalian reproduction as a whole under physiological and pathological conditions.

DNA methylation changes accompanying the development of multidrug resistance
Duration:	1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:	2/0046/24
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Pavlíková Lucia, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Boháčová Viera, CSc., Ing. Husieva Valeriia, RNDr. Kšiňanová Martina, PhD., Ing. Pelegrinová Lívia, Ing. Sulová Zdena, DrSc., Mgr. Šereš Mário, PhD., Ing. Šimoničová Kristína, PhD.
Annotation:	The development of multidrug resistance (MDR), mediated by the overexpression of ABC transporters, represents a real obstacle to overcome in cancer chemotherapy. The MDR phenotype is also accompanied by the activation of other defense mechanisms that protect the cell from damage by cytostatics, including those that are not substrates of ABC transporters. These mechanisms may be of dual origin. They may be directly related to the presence of ABC transporters in the cells due to common mechanisms controlling their induction, or they may have developed due to the selection pressure of cystostatics during treatment but independently of the induction of ABC transporter expression. Alterations in the methylation of promoter regions of genes, the modulation of which may be involved in the emergence of multidrug resistance, may be responsible for the wide variability in cellular responses to cytostatic-induced chemical stress and the frequently observed changes in the state of cell differentiation.

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Duration:	1. 9. 2023 - 31. 8. 2027
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V02-00020
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	Ing. Husieva Valeriia

Lipid metabolism and its role in mitochondrial bioenergetics
Duration:	1. 9. 2023 - 31. 8. 2027
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V02-00020
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	Mgr. Zriniová Ingrid

BPKMKZHPMF - Non-antibiotic approaches to control mastitis of cows with an increase in the hygiene of dairy farms conditions
Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0457
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Augustinská Danuše, MVDr. Galambošiová Tímea, MVDr. Karahutová Lívia, PhD., Timková Iveta
Annotation:	Inflammation of the mammary gland ‒ mastitis is currently one of the three main diseases encountered by dairyfarmers. The most common treatment of mastitic cows is antibiotic therapy during lactation, but also all rounddrying programmes. However, frequent use of antibiotics results in several serious problems such as lowtreatment success, and the presence of antimicrobial residues in milk. For this reason, the EU by its "Farm to Fork"strategy plans to reduce the use of antibiotics for farm animals by 50%, which is also supported by a new laweffective from January 2022, that prohibits all forms of routine use of antibiotics and zinc oxide, includingpreventative herd treatment and all round drying of cows. In Slovakia as well as in the neighboring EU countries, nomethodological procedures have been established for dairy farmers regarding the drying of cows in order to reducethe use of antibiotics. The presented project comprehensively resolves the current problems encountered by dairyfarmers focusing on practical rationalization and implementation of new procedures for diagnosis, suppression andprevention of mastitis. The introduction of new diagnostic methods for the direct and indirect determination of inflammation symptoms supplemented by analysis of dairy cows based on clinical examination and the results ofmilk utility control with the application of algorithmic models for the detection of risky cows are among the basicobjectives of the project aimed at reducing the incidence of mastitis. One of the new components of the project tobe implemented in practice in order to reduce the consumption of antibiotics will include the introduction ofselective drying programmes for dairy cows and the development of an effective lactobacilli-based protective agentfor udder treatment. A new disinfectant for complex elimination of pathogens from the environment of the milkingparlor will be designed by the research team for use in practice conditions.

FATSPOMBE - Functional analyses of TOR signaling pathway in the regulation of abiotic stress response in the fission yeast
Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0294
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Bakošová Anetta, PhD.
Annotation:	As a consequence of our modern lifestyle, each organism is at the daily basis attacked by various impairing agents, oxidants, inducing elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by individual cells. Understanding the influence of those toxic elements on biochemical and physiological processes considerably contributes to specification of their toxicity. TOR kinase, a highly conserved kinase between species, belongs to the main regulators of cell growth and metabolism in response to various stresses. The aim of the proposed project is to investigate the molecular mechanism of TOR signaling in the cell defense machineries and cell cycle regulation under food toxicants acrylamide and its metabolites-induced stress, with the use of Schizosaccharomyces pombe as model system. S. pombe is a popular model organism for studies of basic biological processes. It is often referred to as “micromammal” as its genomic organization resembles that of higher eukaryotes including humans. Similar to higher eukaryotes, TORC1 and TORC2 have been identified in S. pombe. S. pombe TORC1, which contains the catalytic subunit Tor2, and TORC2, which contains Tor1 apparently have reverse, but coordinated, roles for growth, cell cycle and sexual development. Although, the role of TOR signaling in cell responses to various stresses has been intensively studied, the underlying mechanism of TORC2 and its catalytic subunit Tor1 in S. pombe in the cell protection and cell cycle regulation under stress conditions caused by food contaminants remains unclear. We aim to utilize state-of-the art research “OMIC” methods in molecular biology, genetics, spectroscopy, biochemistry, microscopy, and visualization to achieve the proposed objectives.

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Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0061
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	MSc. Adnan Mohammad, Mgr. Baglaeva Iuliia, PhD., Mgr. Bukatová Stanislava, PhD. , RNDr. Cagalinec Michal, PhD., MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu, DrSc, Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana, PhD., MUDr. Grinchii Daniil, PhD., MSc. Ijaz Hira, RNDr. Mach Mojmír, PhD., RNDr. Májeková Magdaléna, PhD., Mgr. Novak Anastasiia, Mgr. Račický Matej, RNDr. Zahradníková, ml. Alexandra, PhD., Mgr. Zvozilová Alexandra
Annotation:	09 Annotation (max. 2 000 characters) Stress is defined as an organism’s response to various stressors jeopardizing the homeostasis. Stressors accompany living organisms all through their life, when the first exposure happens even before the birth (e.g., maternal infection during the gestation). Stress is not necessarily harmful; controlled exposure to the certain stressors might be even beneficial (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy). On the other side, stress can also be involved in certain heart and brain disorders, which are the worldwide leading causes for disability and mortality. Based on our previous results in rats, we hypothesize that interaction between corticosteroids and monoamines is a factor determining whether certain stressor, administered to the organism of the specific sex, will be harmful, neutral, or even beneficial. We aim to perform a further investigation of corticosteroid-monoamine interaction in rat model of prenatal stress (maternal infection during the gestation caused by LPS administration) and to assess a role of Ca2+ signaling, which decodes diverse extracellular signals into specific cellular responses. Particularly, we will focus on investigation of changes caused by prenatal stress at the level of cardiomyocyte contractility and excitability of serotonin and dopamine neurons in the midbrain. Ca2+ signaling as a potential intracellular effector of corticosteroid-monoamine interaction will be monitored at the level of intracellular Ca2+ channels, which are considered as the main components of Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes as well in neurons. We will also test pyridoindoles as the novel treatment strategies for the stress-related cardiovascular and neurological disorders. This will include in silico modeling (computer simulations of drug interactions) and in vivo treatment.

mClicID - -
Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0085
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Ševčíková Tomášková Zuzana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Andelová Natália, PhD., Ing. Ferko Miroslav, PhD., Mgr. Grman Marián, PhD., RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD., Mgr. Polčicová Katarína, PhD., Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra, PhD.
Annotation:	Mitochondrial chloride channels are involved in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential Ψm. In in vitro conditions, it was observed that oxidative stress results in oscillations of Ψm, which leads to the shortening of the action potential on the plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes and the occurrence of arrhythmias, mediated by the production of ATP in the mitochondria. At the level of the whole heart, arrhythmias were observed as a consequence of ischemia-reperfusion. Specific ligands of the translocator protein (TSPO) prevent the occurrence of post-ischemic arrhythmias. The use of a non-specific chloride channel blocker led to the same effect. TSPO ligands inhibit the mitochondrial chloride channels at nanomolar concentrations, suggesting that the TSPO protein mediates channel block. Thus, TSPO is likely to be in close contact with the chloride channel. Mitochondrial chloride channels are well described at the electrophysiological level, but their molecular identity remains unclear. Recently, two isoforms of chloride intracellular channels (CLICs) have been shown to be localized in mitochondria. However, CLIC channels have only been described in an artificial system - overexpressed in host cells. Mitochondrial chloride channels from native membranes are assumed to be identical to one of the two mitochondrial CLIC isoform. The aim of the presented project is to verify the hypothesis that the measured native chloride channels from cardiac mitochondria are members of the CLIC family and whether the given CLIC isoform and TSPO are in close physical contact. We assume that the obtained results will help clarify the molecular identity of the mitochondrial chloride channel, which represents a significant potential target for preventing the occurrence of post-ischemic arrhythmias.

PUFA-REPRO-BOOST - Prevention of periconceptional reproductive failure in animals via supplementation of diet with various sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids
Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0071
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	MVDr. Fabian Dušan, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Babeľová Janka, PhD., RNDr. Čikoš Štefan, DrSc., RNDr. Kovaříková Veronika, PhD., PhDr. Pisko Jozef, PhD., Mgr. Rušinová Laura, MVDr. Šefčíková Zuzana, CSc., RNDr. Špirková Alexandra, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	Univerzita veterinárskeho lekárstva a farmácie v Košiciach
Annotation:	In recent decades, many studies have reported a worrisome decrease in the reproductive performance of farm animals. Dietary lipid supplementation can be a good strategy to reduce the extent of reproductive failure. Oilseed meals and cakes, derived from seed oil extraction, represent interesting co-products usable for such purposes. The main aim of the project will be to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with flaxseed and camelina cake, important sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), on the ability to conceive and to reduce early embryo loss in two model animals - pubertal gilts and mouse females. Experimental animals will be fed a PUFAs supplemented diet for several weeks during the preconception period. After assessment of basic reproductive parameters, biochemical alterations in the microenvironment of developing germ cells and the impact of such alterations on antioxidant activity and membrane integrity of oocytes and proliferative and reparative activity of preimlantation embryos will be evaluated. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the impact of diet supplementation, expression of relevant molecules (receptors for hormones, prostaglandins, biosynthetic enzymes, regulatory proteins, etc.) in oocytes, embryos and tissues of the reproductive tract will be assessed. Furthermore, the protective potential of diet supplementation by PUFAs in reproductive disorders related to aging and oxidative stress in vitro will be assessed. Study will bring novel information on the mechanisms underlying the impact of PUFAs on ovulation and early embryonic development. Furthemore, acquired knowledge would result in targeted use in livestock production and veterinary practice.

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Duration:	24. 5. 2024 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:
Program:	Iné projekty
Project leader:	RNDr. Bíliková Katarína, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Krištof Kraková Tatiana

ERG1LD - Role of Erg1p in lipid homeostasis and lipid droplet proteome
Duration:	1. 7. 2025 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	SK-TW-24-0003
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Holič Roman, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	Chao-Wen Wang
Annotation:	Sterols, including ergosterol in yeast and cholesterol in humans, are essential components of cellular membranes, synthesized through a tightly regulated, conserved pathway. Squalene monooxygenase, known as Erg1 in yeast, catalyzes a key step in sterol biosynthesis and is an emerging therapeutic target for fungal infections, cholesterol-related diseases, and several type of cancer. However, its roles and regulation remain poorly understood. Lipid droplets (LDs), which store neutral lipids and sterol intermediates including squalene, may play a critical regulatory role by sequestering enzymes like Erg1, but this process requires further investigation. This collaboration aims to elucidate the impact of changes in lipid metabolism on LD proteome dynamics. Our primary focus is to investigate the adaptation of LD proteome to changes in elevated levels of squalene caused by depletion of Erg1 in yeast as a model organism. In addition, we aim to generate new genetic strains and tools to investigate lipid metabolism, LD biogenesis and cell cycle regulation pathways.

RETATGZPP - Use of recombinant enzymes with thioglucosidase activity for the transformation of plant glucosinolates and their analogues into biologically active substances with preventive and suppressive effect on neoplasia development
Duration:	1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	APVV-22-0383
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	RNDr. Imrichová Denisa, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bertová Anna, PhD., Ing. Kontár Szilvia, PhD., Ing. Sulová Zdena, DrSc., Ing. Šimoničová Kristína, PhD., Yoldi Vergara Alberto , MSc.

LipMem - Bridging Borders in Membrane Science: A Multinational Study on Synthetic Lipid Systems and Vesicles
Duration:	1. 7. 2025 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:	DS-FR-24-0032
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Domšicová Michaela, PhD., Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana, PhD., Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta, PhD.
Annotation:	Phospholipid bilayers are the molecular basis of biological membranes that surround all living organisms, but also other biologically relevant objects such as liposomes or extracellular particles. Many important processes, such as oxidative stress, infection, and metabolism, take place at this interface. It is therefore a good idea to develop methods for this area, which naturally starts with synthetic bilayers as a readily available model of a biological membrane and then proceeds to membranes created by biological processes, e.g. membranes that enclose particles or cells. The overall goal of the project is to improve the understanding of the behavior and mutual interactions in different environments and under different conditions of synthetic phospholipid membranes and their associated vesicular systems using state-of-the-art biophysical techniques: atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	APP0800
Program:	DoktoGrant
Project leader:	Mgr. Hoďová Vladimíra
Annotation:	Brain injuries and neurodegenerative disorders are major causes of mortality and disability. Regeneration of centralnervous system (CNS) in adult mammals is limited largely due to neuroinflammation. On the other hand, the brain ofsongbirds is able to regenerate after damage. Injury triggers pro-inflammatory cytokine release that activates immunecells for pathogen clearance and tissue repair, and it is followed by anti-inflammatory cytokines that promote recovery.Although often viewed as harmful, neuroinflammation can support neurogenesis under certain conditions. This projectwill investigate temporal mRNA expression profiles of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after neurotoxic striatallesions, using songbirds as a model due to their exceptional CNS regenerative capacity.

Identification of behavioural and neurobiological indicators of positive poultry welfare
Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	2/0129/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Košťál Ľubor, CSc.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Pichová Katarína, PhD.
Annotation:	In the field of animal welfare science, there is a marked shift from negative welfare, the study of phenomena suchas fear, pain or suffering, to positive welfare. In addition to looking for indicators of positive welfare, this alsomeans looking for ways how to induce positive affective states, positive welfare. The aim of the project is to testthe possibility of inducing positive welfare in poultry by anticipation of reward, positive contrast in the magnitudeof reward or positive control of animals over their environment or resources. We will test the possibilities ofautomating behavioural recording as an important indicator of welfare and the hypothesis that the intensity ofneurogenesis in the hippocampus may serve as a marker of cumulative affective experience.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	2/0051/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Ševčíková Tomášková Zuzana, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Ondáčová Katarína, PhD.
Annotation:	Cardiac arrhythmias are one of the most common causes of death in the world. Arrhythmias also arise as a result of ischemia/reperfusion, when changes in nutrient and oxygen supply occur. Oxygen radicals may increase during reperfusion. Both metabolic and oxidative stress have been shown to result in arrhythmias due to cyclic changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential. These changes are mediated by chloride channels, which are thought to be identical to the CLIC5 isoform of intracellular chloride channels. Cardioprotective effects at the level of cells and the whole heart were observed after application of a specific ligand of mitochondrial translocator protein TSPO - 4-chlorodiazepam (4Cl-DZP), but also after application of a non-specific anion channel inhibitor. 4Cl-DZP is thought to act on chloride channel activity indirectly, via the TSPO protein, but no details of this interaction are known. The aim of our project is to describe the relationship between CLIC5 chloride channels and the TSPO receptor.

Molecular mechanisms of preimplantation embryo responses to environmental factors
Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	2/0041/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Čikoš Štefan, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Babeľová Janka, PhD., MVDr. Fabian Dušan, DrSc., RNDr. Kovaříková Veronika, PhD., PhDr. Pisko Jozef, PhD., Mgr. Rušinová Laura, MVDr. Šefčíková Zuzana, CSc., RNDr. Špirková Alexandra, PhD.
Annotation:	The project deals with the preimplantation embryo development, focusing on the mechanisms by which the early embryo responds to environmental factors. The role of selected cellular receptors will be investigated with emphasis on possible interactions between receptors activated by the same or by concurrent ligands (glutamate, glycine, GABA, selected insecticides). The impact of receptor ligand transporters will also be investigated. Selected intracellular signaling molecules and processes involved in the activation of the identified receptors as well as possible alternative mechanisms (such as oxidative stress) activated by the action of the investigated ligands will be analyzed. Understanding the mechanisms by which environmental factors affect the development of the preimplantation embryo can contribute to the development of husbandry, nutrition and animal health management practices that lead to a reduction of economic losses in livestock production caused by earlyembryo loss or later health disorders.

Lipid transfer proteins – study of molecular mechanisms and their potential as targets in treatment of selected human diseases.
Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	2/0047/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	RNDr. Griač Peter, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	Ing. Pokorná Lucia, Šťastný Dominik, M.Sc., RNDr. Tahotná Dana, CSc.
Annotation:	The aim of the project is to investigate the molecular mechanisms of selected lipid-transfer proteins and thepossibilities of their use as targets for the treatment of human diseases caused by microorganisms and parasites.We will focus on two types of diseases: those caused by yeast and fungi, and malaria caused by the protozoanPlasmodium falciparum. The absence of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITP) Pdr16 causes an increase inthe susceptibility of yeast microorganisms to clinically used antifungals. To understand why, we will investigate ina model organism, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the physiological role and molecular mechanism ofaction of the Pdr16 protein and its closely related Pdr17 protein. In P. falciparum, we will study two PITPs with theCRAL-TRIO structural domain that these proteins share with S. cerevisiae Sec14p. We will take advantage of theknowledge that Sec14p can be inhibited by molecules, some of which are under clinical investigation as potentialantifungals.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	2/0030/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	prof. Ing. Breier Albert, DrSc.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Bertová Anna, PhD., RNDr. Boháčová Viera, CSc., RNDr. Imrichová Denisa, PhD., Ing. Kontár Szilvia, PhD., RNDr. Kšiňanová Martina, PhD., Mgr. Pavlíková Lucia, PhD., Ing. Pelegrinová Lívia, Ing. Sulová Zdena, DrSc.

The effect of agro-industrial by-products containing polyphenols on the immune response of lambs with endoparasitosis
Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:
Program:	Návratová projektová schéma
Project leader:	RNDr. Batťányi Dominika, PhD.
Annotation:	Gastrointestinal nematodes represent a serious challenge to sheep health and productivity. Their control has traditionally relied on repeated use of anthelmintics, which increases the risk of resistance. With the growing demand for environmentally sustainable solutions, there is an urgent need for alternative strategies. One promising approach includes nutraceuticals rich in polyphenols that enhance host immune responses and reduce parasite burden. Agro-industrial by-products represent an inexpensive and locally available source of polyphenols while contributing to a reduced environmental impact. The project aims to investigate the potential of such by-products as feed for lambs with endoparasitosis and to evaluate their effects on immune responses. Expected outcomes include advancing knowledge of the nutrition–immunity relationship, developing more sustainable parasite control strategies, and reducing the ecological footprint.

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Duration:	1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	APP0770
Program:	DoktoGrant
Project leader:	MVDr. Leško Matej

Elucidation of the function of selected genes in meiotic division in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Duration:	1. 1. 2023 - 30. 12. 2026
Evidence number:	1/0340/23
Program:	VEGA
Project leader:	Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Bakošová Anetta, PhD.
Other cosolvers:	Prof.

CogEnt - Automated learning device as a cognitive enrichment for laying hens
Duration:	1. 10. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V04-00374
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	Mgr. Pichová Katarína, PhD.

MABBIOM/MABBE - Modern approaches of the bacterial biofilms modulation (eradication)
Duration:	1. 10. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V04-00364
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	MVDr. Karahutová Lívia, PhD.

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Duration:	1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	APVV-21-0473
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana, PhD.

Nerves to heart: genetic cardiovascular diseases influenced by neuronal dysfunction on the model of dilated cardiomyopathy with Lamin A/C mutation
Duration:	1. 10. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V04-00478
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	Mgr. Danko Katarína, PhD.

ALTZINC - Potential and prospect of alternative zinc sources in animal nutrition
Duration:	1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	APVV-21-0301
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	RNDr. Čobanová Klaudia, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	RNDr. Batťányi Dominika, PhD., Mgr. Bombárová Alexandra, RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava, PhD., MVDr. Demčáková Klára, prof. MVDr. Faix Štefan, DrSc., MVDr. Galambošiová Tímea, MVDr. Grešáková Ľubomíra, PhD., Ing. Petrič Daniel, PhD., RNDr. Takácsová Margaréta, PhD., MVDr. Váradyová Zora, PhD
Annotation:	The presented project proposal is focused on the use of various zinc nanoparticles and organic zinc sources as mineral supplements in animal nutrition and their effect on microelements absorption, retention, and utilisation in ruminants and poultry. Investigation of the effects of various dietary zinc sources on physiological processes and microbial parameters of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants and poultry should bring new principal results. In general, the experiments will be aimed at improving the mineral status and optimising digestive processes in farm animals in an effort to reduce zinc excretion and thus environmental pollution of minerals from animal production. Research on the distribution of specific zinc-containing metalloproteins in animal tissues and their dependence on appropriate delivery of zinc in the form with high bioavailability may provide us with new basic information which in turn may be useful in practice for better prevention of oxidative stress and its negative consequences. The impact of various zinc nanoparticles in the animal feed on the quality of products of animal origin will be investigated as well. The basic knowledge obtained by fulfilling of objectives of the proposed project should also lay the foundation for future applied research on the supplementation of feeds with bioavailable zinc sources in order to improve animal health and performance.

DRPGE - The role of DNA repair proteins in gene repression
Duration:	1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	APVV-21-0210
Program:	APVV
Project leader:	Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia, PhD.
SAS cosolvers:	Mgr. Bakošová Anetta, PhD., Mgr. Balážová Mária, PhD., Ing. Čipák Ľuboš, PhD., Ing. Čipáková Ingrid, PhD., Mgr. Holič Roman, PhD., Mgr. Valachovič Martin, PhD.
Annotation:	Eukaryotic cells have evolved two mechanistically distinct pathways to repair double-strand breaks during mitosis: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). More recently, HR proteins have been shown to play critical roles in maintaining genome integrity during DNA replication. Additionally, our latest research showed that Dbl2 protein along with other HR proteins act in concert with HIRA histone chaperone to assemble repressive chromatin near hard-to-replicate sites. Notably, cells lacking either HR proteins or HIRA factors exhibited increased levels of antisense RNA and RNA from the LTR retrotransposons and subtelomeric genes. Furthermore, the localization of the misregulated genes significantly correlated with repetitive DNA elements such as LTRs. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains largely unknown. In this project, we propose that the observed repression of gene expression is an integral part of the recombination-dependent replication pathway. We postulate that Sap1 binding to LTRs blocks replication fork progression and results in stalled or collapsed replication forks. Collapsed replication forks are remodeled and relocated to nuclear periphery. The relocation of damaged DNA to nuclear periphery can provide an access to a set of factors necessary for particular pathways of DNA repair. At nuclear periphery both imprecise NHEJ and break-induced replication pathways are favored. After the repair, the affected hard-to-replicate sites might be quickly silenced by factors such as HIRA to avoid a toxic gene expression. In this project, we intend to use classical genetics, high-resolution microscopy and advanced methods based on whole genome sequencing such as MNase-seq and ChIP-seq to obtain a more quantitative picture of chromatin dynamics. We believe that the findings of this research will have broad implications to the field of cancer research and cell division.

COMPNEURO-ED - Computational Modeling of Neurons: HCN and Calcium Channels in Excitability & Depression
Duration:	1. 10. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:	09I03-03-V04-00388
Program:	Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader:	Mgr. Tomko Matúš, PhD.
Annotation:	Mental disorders, including depression, are serious public health problems. Particular attention needs to be paid to women during pregnancy, when hormonal fluctuations make women more vulnerable to stress and mood disorders. The negative effects of maternal depression on the offspring have been described on a number of different levels, ranging from changes in behaviour to anatomical changes in individual structures of the brain. Particular attention has been paid to the hippocampus, the centre of memory and cognition. Along with the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus is vulnerable to stress. Changes in the excitability of hippocampal neurons of offspring as a result of maternal depression have also been observed in the Department of Biophysics and Electrophysiology at the Centre of Biosciences. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the molecular determinants and signalling pathways underlying these changes. The aim of this project is to explain the observed changes in neuronal excitability by changes at the level of ion channels, specifically HCN and voltage-gated calcium channels, using computational modelling techniques. In addition, we will investigate whether maternal depression can affect key functions of hippocampal neurons such as resonance, temporal coding or coincidence detection. The data and models will be integrated into the EBRAINS, European research infrastructure. This will ensure their accessibility and potential use by other researchers. The project is also in line with the 3Rs principles of reduction of animal testing. By combining computer modelling, multi-objective optimisation techniques and statistical methods, the project will go beyond the current state of the art. Instead of an average model, a whole population of neurons will be created and studied to cover biological variability. Furthermore, the project will generate testable predictions.